| 1 | to determined the relationships between Solid phase and solution equilibria in soils |
| 2 | to determined the relationships between clay minerals in soils and environmental pollution |
| 3 | to determined the relationships between soil organic matter and environmental pollution |
| 4 | metal-organic matter interactions in soils |
| 5 | to determined the relationships between soil oxidation-reduction and environmental pollution |
| 6 | to determined the relationships between ion exchange insoils and environmental pollution |
| 7 | environmental problems causing by soil salinity and alkalinity |
| 8 | Sustainability and development of soil environmental factors |