| ÖÇ1 | It analyzes the educational reforms of the Ottoman Reform Era and the post-Tanzimat period; it explains the transformation these reforms brought about in the education system within a cause-and-effect framework. |
| ÖÇ2 | It evaluates the development of education, the organization of the education system, teacher training policies, and the expansion of schools during the First and Second Constitutional Periods; it also analyzes educational initiatives during the reign of Abdulhamid II. |
| ÖÇ3 | By examining educational activities, public education initiatives, the status of minority and foreign schools, and the government’s educational efforts during the years of the War of Independence, it explains the role of education and cultural policies in the construction of national identity under wartime conditions. |
| ÖÇ4 | It analyzes the educational and cultural policies of the Atatürk era—including the Law on the Unification of Education, the reforms in the alphabet, language, and history, and the restructuring of the Ministry of Education—and assesses how these policies laid the foundations for a secular, national, and scientific approach to education. |
| ÖÇ5 | It highlights developments in primary education, adult education, and public education during the Republican Era (such as Village Institutes and People’s Houses) through specific examples; it provides a general assessment by analyzing the impact of educational reforms on social culture, civic consciousness, and the modernization process. |